L-tryptophan is an essential amino acid, which means it is not synthesized by the human body and must be acquired through the diet. The adult requirement is 3.5 mg per kg of body weight. L-tryptophan is one of the least abundant essential amino acids; however, it is one of the most crucial, particularly in the production of niacin and serotonin. L-tryptophan is a natural sedative. In the brain it is converted into serotonin, which is then converted into melatonin, which plays a key role in balancing sleep and mood patterns. L-tryptophan is used as an active ingredient in antidepressant therapy.
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